Politics & Law | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    Hector Fabre

    Louis-Roch-Hector Fabre, journalist, newspaper publisher, senator and diplomat (born 9 August 1834 in Montreal, Lower Canada; died 2 September 1910 in Paris, France). Hector Fabre’s appointment to serve as the Agent General of Quebec in Paris in winter 1882 marked one of the first milestones in the history of Quebec representation abroad. Fabre, who also represented the government of Canada starting in July 1882, helped to establish diplomatic and economic relations with France and other European countries and also marked the beginning of permanent Canadian representation abroad.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/457fb844-11cd-4df4-9e6d-87452519efef.jpg Hector Fabre

  • Article

    Helen Gregory MacGill

    Helen Gregory MacGill, judge, journalist, musician (born 7 January 1864 in Hamilton, Canada West; died 27 February 1947 in Chicago, Illinois). Helen Gregory MacGill was a pioneering journalist, feminist and judge. She was the first woman to graduate from Trinity College (now the University of Toronto), as well as the first woman judge in British Columbia, where she served on the juvenile court for 23 years. Her daughter, Elsie MacGill, became the world’s first female aeronautical engineer and aircraft designer.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/8997be51-6630-42e3-85ff-0e5272e2eec9.jpg Helen Gregory MacGill

  • Article

    Helen (Ma) Armstrong

    Helen (Ma) Armstrong (née Jury), labour activist, women’s rights activist (born 17 June 1875 in Toronto, Ontario; died 17 April 1947 in Los Angeles, California). Helen Armstrong was a labour activist who fought for the rights of working-class women throughout her life. She was the leader of the Winnipeg Women’s Labor League and a central figure in the 1919 Winnipeg General Strike. She campaigned for unions, a minimum wage and social security, and against conscription. Armstrong was arrested for her activism at least three times, including twice during the Winnipeg General Strike. Historian Esyllt Jones described Helen Armstrong as “the exception in a male-dominated labour movement.”

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/HelenArmstrong/Helen_Armstrong_SIS_P7199_12-resize.jpg Helen (Ma) Armstrong

  • Article

    Helen Mamayaok Maksagak

    Helen Mamayaok Maksagak, CM, politician, public servant, community leader (born 15 April 1931 in Bernard Harbour, NT [NU]; died 23 January 2009 in Cambridge Bay, NU). Maksagak was the first woman and Inuk to serve as the commissioner of the Northwest Territories. A vocal and engaged advocate for Inuit affairs, she contributed to efforts to establish Nunavut as Canada’s third territory in the 1990s. In March of 1999, she was chosen as the first commissioner of the newly created Nunavut territory; her term lasted until March 2000. Maksagak returned to a formal political role in November 2005, when she was appointed deputy commissioner of Nunavut. In addition to her political career, Maksagak performed advocacy work, focusing on Inuit and, more broadly, Indigenous initiatives, such as improving access to social services.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/4fc58d24-f4e6-464b-92bf-c9647246118f.jpg Helen Mamayaok Maksagak

  • Article

    Helena Gutteridge

    Helena Rose Gutteridge, feminist, trade unionist, socialist politician (b at London, Eng 1879 or 1880; d at Vancouver 3 Oct 1960). Gutteridge immigrated to BC in 1911 and organized the BC Women's Suffrage League.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Helena Gutteridge

  • Article

    Henri Bourassa

    Henri Bourassa, politician, journalist (born 1 Sept 1868 in Montreal; died 31 Aug 1952 in Montreal). Henri Bourassa was an important Canadian nationalist leader who supported Canada’s increased independence from the British Empire. Bourassa was also an advocate for French Canadian rights within Canada.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/0cc9a1f3-c859-4ec3-b5cd-512aa2d420b2.jpg Henri Bourassa

  • Article

    Henrietta Muir Edwards

    Henrietta Louise Edwards (née Muir), women’s rights activist, reformer, artist (born 18 December 1849 in Montreal, Canada East; died 9 November 1931 in Fort Macleod, AB). Henrietta Edwards fought from a young age for women’s rights and education, as well as women’s work and health. She helped establish many movements, societies and organizations aimed at improving the lives of women, and was instrumental in passing Alberta’s Dower Act in 1917. She was also one of the Famous Five behind the Persons Case, the successful campaign to have women declared persons in the eyes of British law. However, her views on immigration and eugenics have been criticized as racist and elitist. She was named a Person of National Historic Significance in 1962 and an honorary senator in 2009.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/s003703k.jpg Henrietta Muir Edwards

  • Article

    Henry Arthur Smitheram

    Henry Arthur Smitheram, "Butch," politician, public servant (b at Penticton, BC 8 Jan 1918; d at Keremeos, BC 14 Mar 1982). Smitheram was a nonstatus Indian, his Okanagan mother having lost her status upon marrying his English father.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Henry Arthur Smitheram

  • Article

    Henry Bathurst

    Henry Bathurst, politician, political figure during the reign of George III and British Secretary of State for War and the Colonies during the War of 1812 (b 22 May 1762; d 27 July 1834, London, Eng). Henry Bathurst was educated at Eton College and matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Henry Bathurst

  • Article

    The Marquess of Lansdowne, Governor General of Canada

    Henry Charles Keith Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne, politician and governor general of Canada from 1883 to 1888 (born 14 January 1845 in London, United Kingdom; died 3 June 1927 in Clonmel, Ireland). Lansdowne was the first governor general to travel the entire length of the Canadian Pacific Railway. He also mediated a dispute with the United States concerning fishing rights.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/Lansdowne/Lord Lansdowne.jpg The Marquess of Lansdowne, Governor General of Canada

  • Article

    Henry Emmerson

    Henry Robert Emmerson, lawyer, businessman, premier of New Brunswick (b at Maugerville, NB 25 Sept 1853; d at Dorchester, NB 9 July 1914).

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Henry Emmerson

  • Article

    Henry Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon

    Henry Howard Molyneux Herbert Carnarvon, 4th Earl of, politician (b at London, Eng 24 June 1831; d there 28 June 1890). As secretary of state for the colonies 1866-67, Carnarvon supervised the drafting of the BRITISH NORTH AMERICA ACT and steered it through the British Parliament.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Henry Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon

  • Article

    Henry Herbert Stevens

    Henry “Harry” Herbert Stevens, businessman, politician, federal cabinet minister (born 8 December 1878 in Bristol, England; died 14 June 1973 in Vancouver, BC). Henry Herbert Stevens was a Vancouver city councillor, a long-serving member of parliament (MP) and a federal cabinet minister. He was a key figure in the King-Byng Affair and in the turning away of the Komagata Maru. Stevens was outspoken in his opposition to immigration, Vancouver’s Chinese community and BC’s First Nations, and in his efforts to preserve Canada as “a white man’s country.” (See also Racism; Prejudice and Discrimination in Canada.) He was also the founder and leader of the short-lived Reconstruction Party.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/Inspector_Reid_HH_Stevens_and_Capt_Walter_J_Hose_on_board_the__Komagata_Maru_.jpg Henry Herbert Stevens

  • Article

    Henry Hicks

    Henry Davies Hicks, lawyer, politician, university president, philatelist, premier of NS 1954-56 (b at Bridgetown, NS 5 Mar 1915; d at St Croix, NS 9 Dec 1990).

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Henry Hicks

  • Article

    Henry John Boulton

    Henry John Boulton, lawyer, politician, judge (b at Kensington, Eng 1790; d at Toronto 18 June 1870). Although Boulton was an officeholder in the 1830s, he is remembered chiefly for his controversial role in both Upper Canada and Newfoundland.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Henry John Boulton