Politics & Law | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    James Madison

    James Madison, career politician, political philosopher, fourth president of the United States (b at King George County, Virginia 16 Mar 1751; d at Orange County, Virginia 28 Jun 1836).

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 James Madison
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    James McGill

    James McGill, fur trader, merchant, politician, philanthropist (born 6 October 1744 in Glasgow, Scotland; died 19 December 1813 in Montreal, Lower Canada). James McGill was one of Montreal’s most prominent citizens in the 18th and early 19th centuries. He grew a successful career as a fur trader into a business empire. McGill also held various positions in public office, including three terms in Lower Canada’s legislature. His will contained the endowment for McGill University. James McGill’s achievements cannot be separated from the fact that he enslaved Black and Indigenous people and profited from this practice.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/JamesMcGill/James_McGill_portrait.jpg James McGill
  • Article

    James McKay

    James McKay, Manitoba Métis politician, interpreter, guide, fur trader, Hudson’s Bay Company clerk and postmaster (born 5 February 1828 in Edmonton House, Alberta; died 2 December 1879 at St. James, Manitoba). A member of the Council of Assiniboia (1868–69), James McKay played a moderating role during the Red River Rebellion. He also served Manitoba as president of the Executive Council, Speaker of the Legislative Council and Minister of Agriculture, and was on the Council of the North-West Territories from 1873–75. Fluent in various Indigenous languages, McKay helped negotiate Treaties 1, 2 and 3 in the early 1870s. As a treaty commissioner for Treaties 5 and 6, he added provisions to help Indigenous peoples with medical supplies in the event of an epidemic, with famine relief and with their new life on reserves. McKay’s life and career exemplified attempts by Métis leaders, both in commerce and politics, to adapt to rapid changes after Confederation.  

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/4faeec48-9d29-469f-9f7d-5459415b67b6.jpg James McKay
  • Article

    James Miller Williams

    James Miller Williams, manufacturer, politician (b at Camden, NJ 14 Sept 1818; d at Hamilton, Ont 25 Nov 1890). Immigrating to Canada in 1840, he was a successful carriage and railway-car builder at London, Ont, and Hamilton.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 James Miller Williams
  • Article

    James Mitchell

    James Mitchell, lawyer, politician, premier of New Brunswick (b at Scotch Settlement, York County, NB 16 Mar 1843; d at St Stephen, NB 15 Dec 1897). Mitchell was a prominent lawyer in St Stephen and during the early years of his career was also inspector of schools for Charlotte County.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 James Mitchell
  • Article

    James Murray

    His willingness to allow French law and custom in the courts further alienated the merchants and led to his recall in April 1766 and he left Canada in June. Though charges were dismissed, he did not return to Canada though he retained nominal governorship until April 1768.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/32a4e97d-85ed-4182-acd7-1f2fa6862fe7.jpg James Murray
  • Article

    James Ryan

    James Ryan, railway machinist, labour leader (born 1840 in County Clare, Ireland; died 17 December 1896 in Hamilton, ON). James Ryan was a machinist and railway engineer for the Great Western Railway and later the Grand Trunk Railway. He was a powerful voice in the Canadian Nine Hour Movement, which fought for a shorter workday. Ryan also helped establish the Canadian Labor Protective and Mutual Improvement Association in 1872, the forerunner of the Canadian Labor Union.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/Twitter_Cards/Mechanics_Hall_meeting.JPG James Ryan
  • Article

    James William Johnston

    James William Johnston, lawyer, politician, judge (b in Jamaica 29 Aug 1792; d at Cheltenham, Eng 21 Nov 1873). The son of a prominent Loyalist, Johnston migrated to Nova Scotia, where he became a lawyer and married into Halifax's social establishment.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 James William Johnston
  • Article

    Jason Kenney

    Jason Kenney, politician, Member of Parliament (1997–2016), leader of the United Conservative Party of Alberta (2017–22), premier of Alberta (2019–22) (born 30 May 1968 in Oakville, ON). Jason Kenney was Member of Parliament for Calgary Southeast for nearly 20 years. He held several cabinet positions in the Conservative government of Prime Minister Stephen Harper, including Minister for Citizenship, Immigration and Multiculturalism; Minister of Employment and social development; and Minister of National Defence. Kenney resigned his seat in Parliament in 2016. In 2017, he was elected leader of Alberta’s United Conservative Party (UCP). It won a majority government in April 2019. Kenney stepped down as premier and UCP leader in May 2022 following a leadership review.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/8f50dd62-47c2-483f-9f5e-4c1ec0985193.jpg Jason Kenney
  • Article

    Jean Augustine

    Jean Augustine (née Simon), PC, CM, first Black female MP and Cabinet minister, social justice advocate, teacher, principal (born 9 September 1937 in Happy Hill, Grenada). Jean Augustine was a trailblazing politician and social activist: elected the first Black female Member of Parliament (1993), appointed the first Black woman in Cabinet (2002), and named first Fairness Commissioner by the Government of Ontario (2007). Her legacy includes the federal declaration of February as Black History Month, a motion she introduced in 1995.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/!feature-img-thumbnails/jean-augustine-twet.jpg Jean Augustine
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    Jean-Baptiste-Éric Dorion

    Jean-Baptiste-Éric Dorion, journalist, politician, pioneer settler (b at Ste-Anne-de-la-Pérade, LC 17 Sept 1826; d at L'Avenir, Canada E 1 Nov 1866), brother of A.A. DORION.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Jean-Baptiste-Éric Dorion
  • Article

    Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville

    Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville, governor of Louisiana (bap at Montréal 23 Feb 1680; d at Paris, France 7 Mar 1767). Louisiana was New France's offshoot and the Canadian Le Moyne family were its godparents.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville
  • Article

    Jean-Baptiste-Nicolas-Roch de Ramezay

    Jean-Baptiste-Nicolas-Roch de Ramezay, officer (b at Montréal 4 Sept 1708; d at Blaye, France 7 May 1777), son of Claude de RAMEZAY.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Jean-Baptiste-Nicolas-Roch de Ramezay
  • Article

    Jean Bochart de Champigny

    Jean Bochart de Champigny , chevalier, INTENDANT of New France 1686-1702 (b after 1645; d at Hâvre-de-Grâce, France Dec 1720). A competent and conscientious intendant, Champigny worked to sustain military preparedness during 13 years of war with the Iroquois nations and the British.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Jean Bochart de Champigny
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    Jean-Charles Chapais

    Jean-Charles Chapais, senator, politician, businessman (born 2 December 1811 in Rivière-Ouelle, Lower Canada; died 17 July 1885 in Ottawa, ON).

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/8b894733-8f9b-4811-aa01-db40256bba84.jpg Jean-Charles Chapais