Wars | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    Fencibles in the War of 1812

    During the Napoleonic Wars, the British government raised regiments known as "fencibles" for home service. These temporary units were used to protect British interests wherever the units were raised, in Great Britain or North America, and were not to be deployed for overseas duty on foreign soil.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Fencibles in the War of 1812
  • Article

    Ferry Command

     Ferry Command was established early in WWII to improve aircraft deliveries to Britain from US factories, since surface shipping was too slow and the ships themselves were needed for other cargoes.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/86bfe704-ba22-4038-9c9b-801e1866ba02.jpg Ferry Command
  • Article

    First Canadian Army

    The First Canadian Army was a field army formed in 1942 during the Second World War. It became an international force in 1943, when Allied units were added to keep the army up to strength. The First Canadian Army was commanded by A.G.L. McNaughton and H.D.G. “Harry” Crerar.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/FirstCanadianArmy/FirstCanadianArmy_MarchPast.jpg First Canadian Army
  • Article

    First World War (WWI)

    The First World War of 1914–1918 was the bloodiest conflict in Canadian history, taking the lives of nearly 61,000 Canadians. It erased romantic notions of war, introducing slaughter on a massive scale, and instilled a fear of foreign military involvement that would last until the Second World War. The great achievements of Canadian soldiers on battlefields such as Ypres, Vimy and Passchendaele, however, ignited a sense of national pride and a confidence that Canada could stand on its own, apart from the British Empire, on the world stage. The war also deepened the divide between French and English Canada and marked the beginning of widespread state intervention in society and the economy. (This is the full-length entry about the First World War. For a plain-language summary, please see First World War (Plain-Language Summary).)

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/11751af0-ec83-4753-8f2b-bb38ed576b7f.jpg First World War (WWI)
  • Article

    Fort Amherstburg and the War of 1812

    A key site for controlling the western theatre of the War of 1812, Fort Amherstburg (now Fort Malden) owed its existence to the shifting boundaries on Lake Superior in the wake of British and American diplomatic and military disputes.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/d474d1e9-393d-4930-9241-243d33a89ef3.jpg Fort Amherstburg and the War of 1812
  • Article

    Frezenberg Ridge

    Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry, composed largely of British-born former regular soldiers, had gone to Flanders in December 1914 in advance of 1st Canadian Division as part of the British 27th Division.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Frezenberg Ridge
  • Macleans

    Friendly Fire Victims Mourned

    Canadians are not normally accustomed to outward displays of patriotic pride over their fallen warriors. Since 1948, more than 100 Canadians have lost their lives nobly in peacekeeping missions around the world, their passing hardly noted beyond their immediate families and regiments.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on May 6, 2002

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Friendly Fire Victims Mourned
  • Article

    Guelph in the First World War

    Guelph, Ontario, was typical of small Canadian cities during the First World War. Of its population of about 16,000, more than a third, 5,610, volunteered for military service; 3,328 were accepted. Today, 216 of their names are engraved on the city’s cenotaph. While Guelphites served overseas, the war had a profound and lasting effect on their hometown — an experience that provides an insight into wartime Canada.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/e38f8065-b481-40c7-9d21-690d7e0a84dc.jpg Guelph in the First World War
  • Article

    HMCS Haida

    The HMCS Haida is a “Tribal” Class destroyer that served in the Second World War and the Korean War. It is a National Historic Site operated by Parks Canada and is moored in Hamilton Harbour. The Haida is known as Canada’s “fightingest” warship.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/bdd8f002-5a0f-4adb-adc2-9afecd1e4bb1.jpg HMCS Haida
  • Article

    Battle for Hill 70

    The capture of Hill 70 in France was an important Canadian victory during the First World War, and the first major action fought by the Canadian Corps under a Canadian commander. The battle, in August 1917, gave the Allied forces a crucial strategic position overlooking the occupied city of Lens.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/60c335ab-7325-4faf-b25a-e2197d6da9b6.jpg Battle for Hill 70
  • Article

    Hill 70 and Canadian Independence

    Canada’s war of independence was the First World War. Unlike the Americans, our war of independence was not fought against the country from which we became independent, but alongside it. We started the war as a colony of Britain and ended it as an ally. The remarkable performance of the Canadian Corps and its first Canadian commander made these gains in autonomy possible.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/9dd8ed5e-dc70-4b32-a4d8-bbe7a5207248.jpg Hill 70 and Canadian Independence
  • Article

    Hindenburg Line

    Hindenburg Line (Siegfried-Stellung), a system of fortified and entrenched reserve positions stretching 80 km southeast from Arras to Soissons, France, built by the Germans in the winter of 1916-17.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Hindenburg Line
  • Article

    History of the Armed Forces in Canada

    The armed forces are the land, naval and air forces commanded by the federal government for the purpose of defending Canada's security, protecting its citizens, and promoting its strategic interests at home or abroad. The armed forces have evolved since colonial times from small, local militia units to the modern professional military forces of today.

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  • Article

    HMCS Conestoga

    HMCS Conestoga was a basic training establishment for the Women’s Royal Canadian Naval Service (WRCNS) during the Second World War. Located in Galt, Ontario, it operated from 1942 to 1945. Of nearly 6,800 women who served in the WRCNS, most trained at Conestoga.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/IsabelMacneill/WRCNS at Conestoga.jpg HMCS Conestoga
  • Article

    HMCS Sackville

    HMCS Sackville is the last surviving corvette used by the Royal Canadian Navy in the Second World War. The warship was one of 123 Canadian corvettes that escorted supply convoys crossing the North Atlantic during the Battle of the Atlantic, the longest running battle of the war. In 1985, HMCS Sackville was designated Canada’s Naval Memorial.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/6ac77be5-a78f-4d5f-9eb2-e35fe40b148e.jpg HMCS Sackville