Earth Sciences | The Canadian Encyclopedia

Browse "Earth Sciences"

Displaying 16-30 of 46 results
  • Article

    Fossil Animals

    The first animals were microscopic in size and left no known fossil remains. The oldest animal fossils occur in sediments deposited under shallow equatorial seas over 600 million years ago.

    "https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Fossil Animals
  • Article

    Fossil Plants

    "Plant" refers to familiar land plants, and also to aquatic plants, mosses, liverworts and algae plants. Although not technically plants, fungi and bacteria are often included. Palaeobotany is the study of ancient plant life using fossil evidence. Plant fossils are found coast-to-coast in Canada, from 45-million-year-old mosses in British Columbia to fossil forests on Axel Heiberg and Ellesmere islands in the Canadian Arctic.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/17c83e96-a43b-4b20-82a8-016902d93bab.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/17c83e96-a43b-4b20-82a8-016902d93bab.jpg Fossil Plants
  • Article

    Garbage

    Garbage, see SOLID WASTE; WASTE DISPOSAL.

    "https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Garbage
  • Article

    Geological Dating

    For centuries people have argued about the age of the Earth; only recently has it been possible to come close to achieving reliable estimates.

    "https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Geological Dating
  • Article

    Geology

    Earth is 70.8% covered by water, but only with the development of sonar techniques has it become possible to describe the solid earth below the oceans. With increasingly sophisticated satellite observations, relatively fine structural details (eg, areas of volcanic activity) can be seen.

    "https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Geology
  • Article

    Geomatics Canada

    Geomatics Canada, along with the Geological Survey of Canada and the Polar Continental Shelf Project, became part of the Earth Sciences Sector of the Department of Natural Resources in the mid-1990s. It was formerly known as the Surveys, Mapping and Remote Sensing Sector.

    "https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Geomatics Canada
  • Article

    Geomorphology

    Geomorphology is related to GEOLOGY because of the importance of long timescales, tectonic deformation of Earth's crust (seePLATE TECTONICS), and rock and sediment properties; and to physical geography through its association with CLIMATE, BIOGEOGRAPHY, SOIL SCIENCE, and HYDROLOGY.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/c495f574-0f22-4771-8a0e-1775d86b2843.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/c495f574-0f22-4771-8a0e-1775d86b2843.jpg Geomorphology
  • Article

    Glaciation

    Glaciation is the formation, movement and recession of glaciers. Glaciation was much more extensive in the past, when much of the world was covered in large, continental ice sheets. Currently, glaciers cover about 10 per cent of the world's land area (14.9 million km2).

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/cc15de4d-3449-4ba6-8e56-feea6be2179c.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/cc15de4d-3449-4ba6-8e56-feea6be2179c.jpg Glaciation
  • Article

    History of Palaeontology in Canada

    Thanks to the progress that had been made in identifying and mapping the Palaeozoic rocks (570-245 million years old) of western New York and northern New England, Logan was able to establish the broad correlations of the formations in the St Lawrence region.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/5b4dc762-0119-4203-8731-cef6366d724f.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/5b4dc762-0119-4203-8731-cef6366d724f.jpg History of Palaeontology in Canada
  • Article

    Ice Age

    Ice Age, the Pleistocene epoch of geologic time, during which periodic, extensive glacial activity occurred in many parts of the world.

    "https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Ice Age
  • Article

    Meteors, Meteorites and Impact Craters

    The solar system contains many objects smaller than the planets (or their satellites) travelling in individual orbits about the SUN; space between the planets also contains myriad dust grains in the micron size range. Near Earth, dust concentrations are only a few hundred particles per cubic kilometre, but 35 000 to 100 000 t of extraterrestrial material enters the atmosphere annually, swept up by our planet from debris that is in its path or crosses its path.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/66e2415e-3179-44e5-a06b-e73edf3aa050.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/66e2415e-3179-44e5-a06b-e73edf3aa050.jpg Meteors, Meteorites and Impact Craters
  • Macleans

    Kobe Earthquake

    Bridges, train trestles and elevated highways collapsed, sending hapless passengers plummeting to their deaths. Apartment buildings crumpled and fell, crushing terrified occupants still huddled in their beds.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on January 30, 1995

    "https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Kobe Earthquake
  • Article

    Maritime Archaeology

      British ColumbiaIn BC, most work has been carried out by the Underwater Archaeological Society of British Columbia (UASBC), a large, successful and mostly avocational group that was formed in 1975. The UASBC's has published seven regional shipwreck inventories.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/7ecaa63a-c7a6-4708-9151-98a099cb711d.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/7ecaa63a-c7a6-4708-9151-98a099cb711d.jpg Maritime Archaeology
  • Article

    Mediterranean Archaeology

    ItalyThe UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA has been active in southern Italy for several decades, in the ancient areas of Lucania and Apulia. This work started with the excavation of several indigenous pre-Roman sites, such as Botromagno, Monte Irsi and Roccagloriosa.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/1f654c4e-6170-4253-a1ea-24be097f0438.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/1f654c4e-6170-4253-a1ea-24be097f0438.jpg Mediterranean Archaeology
  • Article

    Metamorphic Rock

    Metamorphic rock is one of the 3 major classes of rock comprising the Earth's crust, the others being SEDIMENTARY and IGNEOUS ROCKS. Metamorphic rock has been transformed, while in the solid state, by pressure, temperature and deformation.

    "https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/e0a546d9-bcaf-41e5-a7d4-076b178b5592.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    
    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/e0a546d9-bcaf-41e5-a7d4-076b178b5592.jpg Metamorphic Rock