Second World War | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    Robert Leckie

    Robert Leckie, CB, DSO, DSC, DFC, CD, pilot, air marshal (born 16 April 1890 in Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom; died 31 March 1975 in Ottawa, Ontario). Robert Leckie was a decorated flying-boat pilot who served in the Royal Naval Air Service in the First World War. Leckie served with the Royal Air Force in the interwar period and was seconded to the Canadian Air Board from 1919 to 1922. After further senior posts in the RAF, he returned to Canada during the Second World War to oversee the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan (BCAPT) from 1940 to 1944. Leckie transferred to the Royal Canadian Air Force in 1942 and served as Chief of the Air Staff from 1944 to 1947.

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  • Article

    Sherwood Lett

    Sherwood Lett, soldier, lawyer, chief justice of BC (b at Iroquois, Ont 1 Aug 1895; d at Vancouver 2 July 1964).

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  • Article

    Sir William Stephenson

    At the beginning of WWII, Stephenson was placed in charge of British Security Co-ordination (counterespionage) in the Western Hemisphere, with headquarters in New York C (where the telegraphic address was INTREPID - later popularized as Stephenson's code name).

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  • Article

    Stanley Charles Waters

    Stanley Charles Waters, soldier, businessman, senator (b at Winnipeg 14 June 1920; d at Calgary 25 Sept 1991). Waters enlisted in the Canadian army in 1941 and chose to remain in the military after the war.

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  • Article

    Stories of Remembrance: John Ralston Saul

    In 2005, to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the end of the Second World War, Canadian celebrities spoke about the meaning of remembrance as part of the Stories of Remembrance Campaign, a project of CanWest News Service (now Postmedia News), the Dominion Institute (now Historica Canada) and Veterans Affairs Canada. This article is reprinted from that campaign.

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  • Article

    Stories of Remembrance: Vera Frenkel

    In 2005, to commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the end of the Second World War, Canadian celebrities spoke about the meaning of remembrance as part of the Stories of Remembrance Campaign, a project of CanWest News Service (now Postmedia News), the Dominion Institute (now Historica Canada) and Veterans Affairs Canada. This article is reprinted from that campaign.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/e4c71bb6-1323-4363-80c3-e83d2749b418.jpg Stories of Remembrance: Vera Frenkel

  • Article

    Tilmon Arsenault (Primary Source)

    Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada. 

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  • Article

    Tommy Prince

    Thomas George Prince, war hero, Indigenous advocate (born 25 October 1915 in Petersfield, MB; died 25 November 1977 in Winnipeg, MB). Tommy Prince of the Brokenhead Ojibway Nation is one of the most-decorated Indigenous war veterans in Canada, having been awarded a total of 11 medals for his service in the Second World War and the Korean War. When he died, he was honoured at his funeral by his First Nation, the province of Manitoba, Canada and the governments of France, Italy and the United States. ( See also Indigenous Peoples and the World Wars.)

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  • Article

    Second World War Veterans

    When the Second World War ended, more than a million Canadian men and women, serving in uniform, were set to return to their homes. A driving question for the country was: What was owed to the veterans?

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  • Article

    Canadian War Art Programs

    Since the First World War, there have been four major initiatives to allow Canadian artists to document Canadian Armed Forces at war. Canada’s first official war art program, the Canadian War Memorials Fund (1916–19), was one of the first government-sponsored programs of its kind. It was followed by the Canadian War Art Program (1943–46) during the Second World War. The Canadian Armed Forces Civilian Artists Program (1968–95) and the Canadian Forces Artists Program (2001–present) were established to send civilian artists to combat and peacekeeping zones. Notable Canadian war artists have included A.Y. Jackson, F.H. Varley, Lawren Harris, Alex Colville and Molly Lamb Bobak.

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  • Article

    War Brides

    The term “war brides” refers to women who married Canadian servicemen overseas and then immigrated to Canada after the world wars to join their husbands. The term became popular during the Second World War but is now also used to describe women who had similar experiences in the First World War. There are no official figures for war brides and their children during the First World War. In the Second World War, approximately 48,000 women married Canadian servicemen overseas. By 31 March 1948, the Canadian government had transported about 43,500 war brides and 21,000 children to Canada.

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  • Editorial

    Arrival of the War Brides and their Children in Canada

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated. Between 1942 and 1947, the Canadian government brought 47,783 "war brides” and their 21,950 children to Canada. Most of these women were from Great Britain, where Canadian forces had been based during the Second World War. Although the voyage and transition were difficult for many war brides, most persevered and grew to love their adopted homeland.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/398e8ba8-53e8-4f87-b127-b5020c4969b1.jpg Arrival of the War Brides and their Children in Canada

  • Article

    Wilfred Curtis

    Wilfred Austin Curtis, air marshal (b at Havelock, Ont 21 Aug 1893; d at Nassau, Bahamas 7 Aug 1977). As chief of the air staff 1947-53, Curtis presided over unprecedented peacetime growth in the RCAF.

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  • Article

    Wop May

    Wilfrid Reid (Wop) May, OBE, DFC, aviator, First World War flying ace (born 20 March 1896, in Carberry, Manitoba; died 21 June 1952 near Provo, UT). Wop May was an aviator who served as a fighter pilot in the First World War. May finished the war as a flying ace, credited with 13 victories, and was part of the dogfight in which the infamous Red Baron was gunned down. After the war, May became a renowned barnstormer (or stunt pilot) and bush pilot, flying small aircraft into remote areas in Northern Canada, often on daring missions. May flew in several historic flights, carrying medicine and aide to northern locations and assisting law enforcement in manhunts, including the hunt for Albert Johnson, the “Mad Trapper of Rat River” in 1932.

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  • Article

    Willard Bolduc

    Willard John Bolduc, DFC, Indigenous air force officer, war hero (born 28 December 1915 in Chapleau, ON; died 7 June 1968 in Toronto, ON). Bolduc received the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC) for his role as an air gunner during the Second World War.

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