Politics & Law | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    Sir Wilfrid Laurier

    Sir Wilfrid Laurier, PC, prime minister of Canada 1896–1911, politician, lawyer, journalist (born 20 November 1841 in St-Lin, Canada East; died 17 February 1919 in Ottawa, ON). Sir Wilfrid Laurier was the dominant political figure of his era. He was leader of the Liberal Party from 1887 to 1919 and Prime Minister of Canada from 1896 to 1911. A skilful and pragmatic politician with a charismatic personality, he unceasingly sought compromise. Above all, he was a fervent promoter of national unity at a time of radical change and worsening cultural conflict. Laurier also promoted the development and expansion of the country. He encouraged immigration to Western Canada; supported the construction of transcontinental railways; and oversaw the addition of Alberta and Saskatchewan to Confederation.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/Laurier 3.png Sir Wilfrid Laurier

  • Article

    Sixties Scoop (Plain-Language Summary)

    The term “Sixties Scoop” refers to the large numbers of Indigenous children who were taken from their homes (scooped) throughout the 1960s. Most of these children were adopted by non-Indigenous families in Canada and the United States. The “Sixties Scoop” has left a lasting legacy on the children, families and communities involved. This article is a plain-language summary of Sixties Scoop. If you are interested in reading about this topic in more depth, please see our full-length entry, Sixties Scoop.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/9fee628e-1ce5-4c82-9ebb-d5b2764b09c4.jpg Sixties Scoop (Plain-Language Summary)

  • Article

    Sleeping Car Porters in Canada

    Sleeping car porters were railway employees who attended to passengers aboard sleeping cars. Porters were responsible for passengers’ needs throughout a train trip, including carrying luggage, setting up beds, pressing clothes and shining shoes, and serving food and beverages, among other services. The vast majority of sleeping car porters were Black men and the position was one of only a few job opportunities available to Black men in Canada. While the position carried respect and prestige for Black men in their communities, the work demanded long hours for little pay. Porters could be fired suddenly and were often subjected to racist treatment. Black Canadian porters formed the first Black railway union in North America (1917) and became members of the larger Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters in 1939. Both unions combatted racism and the many challenges that porters experienced on the job.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/SleepingCarPorters/L3D211046.jpg Sleeping Car Porters in Canada

  • Article

    Solicitor

    A solicitor is a lawyer who advises on legal problems and whose work - contracts of sale, real-estate transactions, wills and trusts - normally does not require court appearance.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Solicitor

  • Article

    Solicitor General

    The office of the solicitor general has its historic roots in England. In Canada the office varies substantially from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. In some provinces the office of the solicitor general is subsumed under one or more different portfolios, but in most it is separate and distinct.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Solicitor General

  • Article

    Sovereign

    Under Canada’s constitutional monarchy, the sovereign is head of state, the legal foundation of the executive branch of government and one part of Parliament — along with the Senate and House of Commons. The current sovereign of Canada is King Charles III. The sovereign is represented in Canada by the governor general, lieutenant-governors and territorial commissioners and acts on the advice of the prime minister, the head of government.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/KingCharlesIII.jpg Sovereign

  • Article

    Stanley G. Grizzle

    Stanley George Sinclair Grizzle, CM, OOnt, citizenship judge, politician, civil servant, labour union activist (born 18 November 1918 in Toronto, ON; died 12 November 2016 in Toronto, ON). Stanley Grizzle had an illustrious career as a railway porter, soldier, civil servant, citizenship judge and activist for the rights of Black Canadians.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/Twitter_Cards/Grizzle.jpg Stanley G. Grizzle

  • Article

    Stéphane Dion

    Stéphane Dion, academic, politician (born 28 September 1955 in Québec City, QC). 

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/6aa3c3b3-574c-4988-8952-37fdb23c51e3.jpg Stéphane Dion

  • Macleans

    Stephen Harper (Profile)

    This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on May 9, 2005. Partner content is not updated. JUST ABOUT EVERYTHING you hear repeated about Stephen HARPER does more to obscure than reveal him. He's said to be a policy wonk at heart.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Stephen Harper (Profile)

  • Article

    Stephen Harper

    Stephen Joseph Harper, CC, PC, prime minister of Canada 2006–15, politician, author, economist (born 30 April 1959 in Toronto, ON). Stephen Harper is Canada’s longest-serving Conservative prime minister since Sir John A. Macdonald. He helped found the Reform Party and served as head of the National Citizens Coalition and leader of the Canadian Alliance Party. He then transformed the country’s political landscape by uniting the previously divided right into the Conservative Party of Canada. He led the CPC to three consecutive election wins before being defeated in 2015 and resigning as party leader. Harper’s adherence to a brand of ideologically pure conservatism resulted in what the Globe and Mail called “Canada’s first ever truly Conservative government.” He was made a Companion of the Order of Canada in December 2019.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/a010c6ef-8141-4a58-b41e-867ee56f2f82.jpg Stephen Harper

  • Article

    Steven Truscott Case

    At the age of 14, ​Steven Truscott was wrongly convicted of killing his 12-year-old schoolmate Lynne Harper. Five decades later he was exonerated.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/3623c200-158f-4385-9756-3c4900055fcf.jpg Steven Truscott Case

  • Article

    Stockwell Day Jr.

    During the next three years, Day also became a prominent figure in efforts to transform the REFORM PARTY OF CANADA into a broader conservative alliance to defeat the federal LIBERAL PARTY.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/3b13e314-f57b-4688-b0d7-41bac8089869.jpg Stockwell Day Jr.

  • Macleans

    Stockwell Day (Profile)

    This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on April 12, 1999. Partner content is not updated. There is little doubt that Day, 48, enjoys the limelight. And these days, he is getting plenty of chances to bask in it.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/3b13e314-f57b-4688-b0d7-41bac8089869.jpg Stockwell Day (Profile)

  • Article

    Suzanne Côté

    Suzanne Côté, justice of the Supreme Court of Canada, litigation lawyer, educator (born 21 September 1958, in Gaspé, QC.) One of Canada’s leading business lawyers, Suzanne Côté headed the litigation groups at Stikeman Elliot LLP and at Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt LLP. She also lectured in litigation, evidence and commercial law at the Université du Québec à Rimouski and the Université de Montréal. In 2014, she became the first woman to be appointed directly from a private law practice to the Supreme Court of Canada. She is currently one of three Quebec justices on the bench.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/suzanne-cote-rr-hr.jpg Suzanne Côté

  • Article

    Sylvia Olga Fedoruk

    Sylvia Olga Fedoruk, OC, physicist, educator, 17th lieutenant-governor of Saskatchewan (1988-94) (born 5 May 1927 in Canora, SK; died 26 September 2012 in Saskatoon). Fedoruk was a medical physicist who helped advance cancer treatment (see Physics; Contemporary Medicine).

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/sylviaolgafedoruk/sylviafedoruk.jpg Sylvia Olga Fedoruk